Sunday, May 9, 2010

integration's formula

Trigonometric functions


\int \sin{x}\, dx = -\cos{x} + C
\int \cos{x}\, dx = \sin{x} + C
\int \tan{x} \, dx = -\ln{\left| \cos {x} \right|} + C = \ln{\left| \sec{x} \right|} + C
\int \cot{x} \, dx = \ln{\left| \sin{x} \right|} + C
\int \sec{x} \, dx = \ln{\left| \sec{x} + \tan{x}\right|} + C
\int \csc{x} \, dx = \ln{\left| \csc{x} - \cot{x}\right|} + C
\int \sec^2 x \, dx = \tan x + C
\int \csc^2 x \, dx = -\cot x + C
\int \sec{x} \, \tan{x} \, dx = \sec{x} + C
\int \csc{x} \, \cot{x} \, dx = -\csc{x} + C
\int \sin^2 x \, dx = \frac{1}{2}\left(x - \frac{\sin 2x}{2} \right) + C = \frac{1}{2}(x - \sin x\cos x ) + C
\int \cos^2 x \, dx = \frac{1}{2}\left(x + \frac{\sin 2x}{2} \right) + C = \frac{1}{2}(x + \sin x\cos x ) + C
\int \sec^3 x \, dx = \frac{1}{2}\sec x \tan x + \frac{1}{2}\ln|\sec x + \tan x| + C